In the grape ction management stage, if the irrigation is too large, the fertilization is too heavy, and the partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will lead to the disorder of grape vegetative growth and reproductive growth, leading to the prosperous grape; the same planting and over-culturing will also cause the branches to grow. The prosperousness of the grapes will cause the fruit falling and the size of the grapes. More serious will affect the lignification of the autumn branches and the flower bud differentiation of the next year, resulting in poor flowering and low yield. Rational use of the control method can control the balance between grape vegetative growth and reproductive growth, in order to achieve the goal of high yield and good harvest. This paper will introduce the system from three aspects: water and fertilizer management, physical prevention and control, and plant regulation.

First, Water and fertilizer management is controlled

In the grape irrigation: about 10 days before flowering, the new shoots and inflorescences grow rapidly, and the roots begin to produce a large number of new roots, requiring a small amount of water; watering during flowering will reduce the ground temperature and increase the soil moisture, resulting in a new shoot. The grapefruit fruit is unfavorable; about 10 days after the flowering, the new shoots grow rapidly and grow rapidly, the leaves grow rapidly, the roots produce a large number of new lateral roots, and the root water absorbs the most vigorous degree. At the same time, the first growth peak of the berries is coming, which is the key need. Fertilizer needs water.

In the fertilization of grapes: it is necessary to avoid the application of a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and the occurrence of excessive symptoms of excessive nitrogen fertilizer; it is also necessary to avoid the relative deficiency of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in poor fruit coloration, and the new shoots stop growing prematurely. During the sizing period of the grape, phosphorus and potassium are mainly used, and a small amount of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is applied. Through the rational use of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the transportation organs such as branches and fruit stalks are promoted to aging, and the nutrient flow to the top is reduced to achieve the purpose of controlling the wang.

Generally speaking, as long as the leaves are not smashed after sprouting, the top of the branches is not bent, a small amount of irrigation or no irrigation; after fruit setting, fertilization and watering can effectively prevent the growth of new shoots caused by irrigation and fertilization. In the late stage of expansion to the early stage of coloring, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be used, and potassium phosphite is sprayed on the foliage to control the prosperous.

Second, the physical way to control Wang

Ditching roots: The grape roots have two growth peaks from early summer to midsummer (June-July) and autumn (September-October). Root pruning is mainly carried out before the most active period of root growth, ie spring and autumn, when the root is broken, the wound is easily healed and a large number of new roots are produced. Spring root pruning will weaken the tree potential of grape plants or temporarily slow down the growth of branches and leaves. In autumn, roots can produce more roots, which is beneficial to the absorption of roots in spring to enhance the vine potential.

Ring stripping: ring stripping mainly interrupts the transport of organic substances downwards, temporarily increases the accumulation of organic matter above the ring stripping, promotes the decrease of auxin content, and increases the ethylene and abscisic acid, thus inhibiting vegetative growth, promoting reproductive growth, and regulating nutrient. Distribution.

Twisted branches: Twisted branches can affect the transport of organic matter and regulate the distribution of nutrients. It can effectively control the growth of the shoots, but the weakening effect is weaker than the loop cut, and the effect of promoting fruit set is not obvious, but the pellets can be reduced. Count, increase the fruit.

Bundling: When the horizontal binding, the growth potential can be relaxed when the new shoots are horizontal. As a result, all the buds on the mother branch are under the same nutrient condition, the new shoots grow neatly, and the flower bud differentiation and flowering results are relatively consistent; The apical dominance is reduced, the growth potential is weakened, the nutrient distribution is limited, the reproductive growth advantage is obvious, the vegetative growth is inhibited, and the phenomenon is more obvious with increasing angle.

Secondary tip management: The management of the secondary shoots is to adjust the photosynthetic nutrient flow of the tree, coordinate the contradiction between nutrient growth and reproductive growth on nutrient demａnd and competition, reduce the falling flowers and fruit, accelerate fruit expansion, promote berry ripening, and increase tree storage nutrition. One of the two schemes for the management of the secondary tip is to retain only one of the top sub-tips repeatedly, and the other sub-tips are completely erased, and the top sub-tips are left with 1-5 leaves for repeated topping; the second is: the top one sub-tip Repeated topping, the sub-tips of the ear are erased from the base, and the remaining secondary tips only leave a leaf "after the topping."

In general, the use of autumn roots to strengthen the tree, spring roots weaken the tree potential; ring stripping for the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive growth, promote the reduction of flower sitting and fruit growth; bundling and twisting branches for the transformation of the prosthetic; The photosynthesis of the main and auxiliary tips is maximized, and the ventilation and light transmission are optimized to achieve long-term control and accumulation of nutrients.

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